In Kenya, solar PV panels have become a popular source of energy for off-grid homes. Previously, most systems could only produce a maximum of 5 watts. Now, larger central village PV units linked by underground cables to homes are beginning to spur real solar PV usage in Kenya. For a US$10 installation fee, homes can connect to the village microgrid. A recent study by Navigant Research suggested that microgrids generate over 750 megawatts worldwide. Daniel Kammen of the University of California, Berkeley says microgrids are “a true hot-bed of innovation popping up all over the world.”